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Table 3 Factor structure of the HADS determined by testing the fit of models derived from factor analysis. All χ2 analyses were statistically significant at p < 0.01 (χ2 degrees of freedom in parentheses).

From: Factor structure of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in German coronary heart disease patients

Model

χ2

RMSEA

CFI

CAIC

AIC

NFI

GFI

Zigmond and Snaith (1983)

481.47(76)

0.06

0.95

718.84

539.47

0.94

0.95

Moorey et al. (1991)

480.77(76)

0.06

0.95

718.15

538.77

0.94

0.95

Caci et al. (2003) model 1

391.55(74)

0.06

0.96

645.30

453.55

0.95

0.96

Caci et al. (2003) model 2 *

352.02(62)

0.06

0.96

589.40

410.02

0.95

0.96

Dunbar et al. (2000) model 1

396.56(73)

0.06

0.96

658.49

460.56

0.95

0.96

Dunbar et al. (2000) model 2 #

399.52(73)

0.06

0.96

661.45

463.52

0.95

0.96

Friedman et al. (2001)

361.41(74)

0.05

0.96

584.16

423.41

0.95

0.96

Razavi et al. (1990)

986.48(77)

0.09

0.88

1215.67

1042.48

0.87

0.88

  1. Note: Bold indicates best model fit as a function of model fit index criterion.
  2. * Three-factor model excludes item 10.
  3. # Hierachical arrangement of factors.