Skip to main content

Table 2 Descriptive statistics of the questionnaires used in this study (standard deviations in parentheses)

From: The relationship of parental rearing behavior and resilience as well as psychological symptoms in a representative sample

Sum scores

All participants

Men

Women

T (p)

Age <40 y.

Age 40 -60 y.

Age >60 y.

F (p)

Post-hoc-Tests

Emotional warmth (father)

4.21 (1.50)

3.95 (1.42)

4.43 (1.54)

11.40 (<.001)

4.45 (1.61)

4.19 (1.46)

3.94 (1.37)

44.74 (<.001)

1 > 2 > 3

Emotional warmth (mother)

5.30 (1.43)

5.13 (1.39)

5.45 (1.44)

7.99 (<.001)

5.52 (1.43)

5.30 (1.41)

5.04 (1.39)

44.38 (<.001)

1 > 2 > 3

Control & overprotection (father)

3.26 (1.18)

3.28 (1.16)

3.25 (1.19)

1.03 (.301)

3.37 (1.24)

3.27 (1.15)

3.12 (1.12)

17.52 (<.001)

1 > 2 > 3

Control & overprotection (mother)

3.56 (1.30)

3.55 (1.28)

3.58 (1.31)

0.82 (.413)

3.68 (1.35)

3.60 (1.30)

3.39 (1.22)

21.33 (<.001)

1,2 > 3

Rejection & punishment (father)

2.74 (1.07)

2.85 (1.12)

2.64 (1.01)

7.08 (<.001)

2.60 (1.03)

2.75 (1.04)

2.87 (1.12)

24.91 (<.001)

1 < 2 < 3

Rejection & punishment (mother)

2.51 (0.91)

2.49 (0.88)

2.53 (0.94)

1.43 (.154)

2.45 (0.88)

2.53 (0.93)

2.57 (0.93)

7.34 (.001)

1 < 2,3

RS-11

59.61 (10.65)

59.97 (10.20)

59.29 (11.03)

2.31 (.021)

61.32 (10.41)

60.49 (10.09)

56.56 (10.95)

95.15 (<.001)

1,2 > 3

GAD-2

.82* (1.10)*

.70* (1.03)*

.93* (1.14)*

7.48 (<.001)

.75 (1.09)

.86 (1.10)

.87 (1.10)

6.11 (.002)

1 < 2,3

PHQ-2

.94* (1.20)*

.87* (1.17)*

1.00* (1.22)*

3.85 (<.001)

.86 (1.17)

.92 (1.17)

1.05 (1.27)

10.47 (<.001)

1,2 < 3

  1. Note: * = values are first published in [53].