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Table 5 Multiple linear regressions of all 25 THI items on WHO-QoL Bref Domains and BDI (n = 1227)

From: Which tinnitus-related aspects are relevant for quality of life and depression: results from a large international multicentre sample

THI No*

THI items

Physical health

Psychological health

Social relationships

Environment

BDI

  

B

p

B

p

B

p

B

p

B

p

 

(Constant)

17.79

0.00

17.02

0.00

16.33

0.00

16.93

0.00

1.47

0.02

1F

Because of your Tinnitus is it difficult for you to concentrate?

0.04

0.79

0.01

0.92

0.08

0.65

0.18

0.18

0.18

0.65

2F

Does the loudness of your Tinnitus make it difficult for you to hear people?

−0.08

0.43

0.07

0.42

0.06

0.62

0.03

0.72

−0.02

0.95

3E

Does your Tinnitus make you angry?

0.09

0.48

0.06

0.58

0.14

0.37

−0.05

0.69

−0.05

0.89

4F

Does your Tinnitus make you confused?

−0.42

0.00

−0.40

0.00

−0.38

0.02

−0.52

0.00

1.60

0.00

5C

Because of your Tinnitus are you desperate?

−0.22

0.12

−0.41

0.00

0.01

0.93

0.22

0.10

1.00

0.01

6E

Do you complain a great deal about your Tinnitus?

−0.08

0.44

0.18

0.07

0.34

0.02

−0.11

0.27

−0.41

0.17

7F

Because of your tinnitus do you have trouble falling asleep at night?

−0.73

0.00

−0.09

0.33

0.03

0.83

−0.19

0.03

0.89

0.00

8C

Do you feel as though you cannot escape from your Tinnitus?

0.07

0.59

−0.10

0.34

0.06

0.68

−0.10

0.36

0.26

0.44

9F

Does your Tinnitus interfere with your ability to enjoy social activities?

−0.18

0.14

0.04

0.72

−0.01

0.92

0.00

1.00

−0.03

0.93

10E

Because of your Tinnitus do you feel frustrated?

0.08

0.55

−0.04

0.78

−0.15

0.41

0.20

0.12

0.13

0.73

11C

Because of your Tinnitus do you feel that you have a terrible disease?

−0.06

0.61

0.16

0.12

0.00

0.99

−0.21

0.04

0.51

0.10

12F

Does your Tinnitus make it difficult to enjoy life?

0.23

0.09

−0.13

0.29

0.00

1.00

0.35

0.01

0.02

0.97

13F

Does your Tinnitus interfere with your job or household responsibilities?

−0.76

0.00

−0.42

0.00

−0.11

0.53

−0.53

0.00

1.54

0.00

14F

Because of your Tinnitus do you find that you are often irritable?

−0.09

0.46

−0.19

0.10

−0.09

0.55

0.04

0.70

0.35

0.31

15F

Because of your Tinnitus is it difficult for you to read?

−0.18

0.10

−0.21

0.03

−0.30

0.03

−0.03

0.78

0.27

0.37

16E

Does your Tinnitus make you upset?

−0.29

0.03

−0.25

0.04

−0.53

0.00

−0.78

0.00

0.89

0.02

17E

Do you feel that your Tinnitus has placed stress on your relationships with members of your family and friends?

0.09

0.49

0.06

0.60

−0.26

0.11

0.20

0.10

0.44

0.22

18F

Do you find it difficult to focus your attention away from your Tinnitus and on to other things?

−0.21

0.11

−0.21

0.09

0.05

0.76

0.02

0.88

0.05

0.88

19C

Do you feel that you have no control over your Tinnitus?

0.08

0.47

−0.02

0.83

−0.17

0.23

0.16

0.12

−0.29

0.36

20F

Because of your Tinnitus do you often feel tired?

−0.47

0.00

−0.15

0.13

0.11

0.43

−0.09

0.37

0.82

0.01

21E

Because of your Tinnitus do you feel depressed?

−0.24

0.10

−0.60

0.00

−0.70

0.00

−0.20

0.12

1.78

0.00

22E

Does your Tinnitus make you feel anxious?

−0.35

0.00

−0.28

0.01

−0.30

0.05

−0.23

0.04

0.64

0.05

23C

Do you feel you can no longer cope with your Tinnitus?

−0.13

0.32

−0.31

0.01

−0.11

0.53

−0.21

0.08

0.13

0.72

24F

Does your Tinnitus get worse when you are under stress?

−0.19

0.04

−0.06

0.43

−0.05

0.64

−0.04

0.66

0.31

0.20

25E

Does your Tinnitus make you feel insecure?

−0.08

0.47

−0.21

0.05

0.03

0.86

−0.16

0.14

1.00

0.00

 

R2 (adjusted R2)

0.45 (0.44)

0.45 (0.44)

0.17 (0.15)

0.26 (0.25)

0.50 (0.49)

  1. Each column represents a multiple linear regression model with one of the WHO-QoL Bref Domains or the BDI as the dependent variable and all 25 THI items as independent variables. *letters represent THI subscales; F: functional, E: emotional, C: catastrophic; R2 (adjusted R2), coefficient of determination (coefficient of determination adjusted for the number of exploratory items); B, regression coefficient, p, p-value; all significant items (p < 0.05) are printed in boldface.