Impact of caregiver and parenting status on time trade-off and standard gamble utility scores for health state descriptions

Table 5 **Health state utilities* (Study 1)**

Health states	Caregivers (N = 30)			Non-caregivers (N = 50)			Difference	t statistic	p-value
	n^†	Mean (SD)	Min-Max	n^†	Mean (SD)	Min-Max
Time trade-off
HS A: Mild Osteoarthritis	30	0.92 (0.06)	0.75-0.95	50	0.85 (0.13)	0.45-0.95	0.07 (0.11)	3.2	<0.01
HS B: Moderate Osteoarthritis	30	0.84 (0.19)	0.05-0.95	49	0.76 (0.23)	0.00-0.95	0.08 (0.22)	1.6	0.11
HS C: Severe Osteoarthritis	24	0.69 (0.28)	0.15-0.95	42	0.53 (0.29)	0.05-0.95	0.16 (0.28)	2.3	0.03
HS D: Moderate Osteoarthritis + AE	30	0.82 (0.21)	0.05-0.95	48	0.72 (0.26)	0.00-0.95	0.10 (0.25)	1.8	0.07
Standard gamble
HS A: Mild Osteoarthritis	29	0.93 (0.05)	0.75-0.95	49	0.90 (0.12)	0.45-0.95	0.03 (0.10)	1.4	0.16
HS B: Moderate Osteoarthritis	29	0.89 (0.10)	0.60-0.95	48	0.84 (0.20)	0.25-0.95	0.05 (0.17)	1.5	0.13
HS C: Severe Osteoarthritis	24	0.79 (0.19)	0.35-0.95	40	0.61 (0.33)	0.05-0.95	0.17 (0.28)	2.7	<0.01
HS D: Moderate Osteoarthritis + AE	29	0.88 (0.11)	0.60-0.95	47	0.81 (0.23)	0.15-0.95	0.07 (0.20)	1.7	0.09

^*Based on t-tests comparing means of the two groups. Utility ratings worse than dead are not included in this table. In Study 1, a precise utility value was not obtained when a respondent considered a health state to be worse than dead (i.e., utility < 0). Therefore, participants who considered a health state to be worse than dead have missing data for that health state in this table.
^†In Study 1, sample size varied for each individual health state because a specific utility value was not derived if a respondent believed that health state was worse than being dead.
HS = Health state.
AE = Adverse event.

ISSN: 1477-7525