CS
|
Preschool children who sought dental care during the screening program at University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
|
2-5
|
260 (85.2%)
|
ECOHIS questionnaire by one of the parent
|
Number of siblings
|
Household crowding
|
Family income
|
Number of siblings
|
Moderate
|
[22]
|
Marital status of parents
|
Mother’s work activity
|
Marital status of parents
|
Household crowding
|
Family income
|
House property
|
House property
|
Mother’s age
|
Family income
|
Father’s age
|
Mothers’ age
|
Mother’s education
|
Father’s age
|
Father’s education
|
Mother’s education
|
Father’s work activity
|
Father’s education
|
Father’s work activity away from home
|
Mother’s work activity away from home
|
Prospective cohort
|
Interview data from Carolina oral health literacy project
|
3-5
|
203
|
ECOHIS questionnaire by caregivers
|
Caregiver’s oral health literacy
|
Caregiver’s age (inversely related to ECOHIS)
|
Not conducted
|
None
|
Moderate
|
[27]
|
Caregiver's age
|
Caregiver’s education (inversely related to ECOHIS)
|
Caregiver’s education
|
Caregiver’s oral health literacy (weakly correlated with ECOHIS)
|
(no p values provided for the relationship between any of the variables and children’s OHRQoL)
|
CS
|
Children and mothers of city of Pelotas, Brazil
|
2-5
|
608 (88.7%)
|
ECOHIS questionnaire by mothers
|
Maternal dental anxiety
|
Maternal dental anxiety for total ECOHIS score, child’s function and parent distress domain
|
Maternal dental anxiety for parent distress domain
|
Family income
|
Moderate
|
[30]
|
Family income
|
Mother’s education
|
Mother’s education for total ECOHIS score
|
Mother’s education
|
Mother’s use of dental services
|
Mother’s use of dental service for child’s function domain and total ECOHIS
|
Mother’s use of dental services
|
CS
|
Public prescool/nurseries children of Canoas, Brazil
|
2-5
|
1245 (90.2%)
|
ECOHIS questionnaire by caregivers
|
Mother’s age
|
None
|
None
|
Mother’s age
|
Moderate
|
[33]
|
Family structure (nuclear/non-nuclear)
|
Family structure
|
Mother’s education
|
Mother’s education
|
Family income
|
Family income
|
CS
|
Children of Diamentina, Brazil
|
2-5
|
638 (98.1%)
|
ECOHIS by interviewing any of the parent
|
Marital status of parents
|
None
|
Mother’s age
|
Marital status of parents
|
Moderate
|
[38]
|
Household crowding
|
Household crowding
|
Mother’s age
|
Number of siblings
|
Number of siblings
|
Mother’s education
|
Mother’s education
|
Father’s education
|
Father’s education
|
Family income
|
Family income
|
CS
|
Pre-school children of city of Belo Horizontem, Brazil.
|
5
|
1412 (96.3%)
|
ECOHIS questionnaire by caregivers
|
Child’s position (single child/others)
|
Child’s position
|
For child impact section (CIS) of ECOHIS
|
For CIS of ECOHIS
|
Moderate
|
[48]
|
Caregiver’s age
|
Caregiver’s age
|
Child’s position
|
Caregiver’s education
|
Caregiver’s education
|
Caregiver’s education
|
Caregivers age
|
Caregiver’s relationship to the child
|
Caregiver’s relationship to the child (Mother/others)
|
Social vulnerability index
|
Household income
|
Social Vulnerability Index
|
Household income
|
Household income
|
For Family impact section (FIS)of ECOHIS
|
For FIS of ECOHIS
|
Social Vulnerability Index (a measure for socioeconomic status based on the residence)
|
Caregivers age
|
Child’s position
|
Household income
|
Caregiver’s education
|
Caregiver’s relationship to the child
|
Social Vulnerability Index
|
CS
|
Chinese preschool children in Hong Kong
|
3-5
|
1296 (96.5%)
|
ECOHIS questionnaire by parents or caregivers
|
Relationship of the primary caregiver to the child (Mother /other family member)
|
Caregiver’s education for only symptom domain of ECOHIS
|
Household income on family impact section of ECOHIS
|
Relationship of caregiver to the child on overall ECOHIS, FIS and CIS.
|
Moderate
|
[52]
|
Caregiver’s education
|
Income level for only symptom domain of ECOHIS
|
Caregiver’s education for other domains of the ECOHIS except symptoms, overall ECOHIS, FIS and CIS
|
Household income
|
Income level for other domains of the ECOHIS except symptoms, overall ECOHIS, FIS and CIS
|
CS
|
Preschool children of Patumwan district, Bangkok, Thailand
|
5-6
|
503 (100% )
|
Modified Child-OIDP questionnaire by subjects
|
Family structure (Living with parents/Living with single parents or others)
|
Hometown of the parents
|
Occupation of the head of the household
|
Family structure
|
Moderate
|
[35]
|
Hometown of parents (Both were from Bangkok/either was from Bangkok/both were from other places)
|
Occupation of the head of the household
|
Occupation of the head of the household
|
CS
|
Kindergarten children of Buenos Aires metropolitan area, Argentina
|
Not provided
|
95 (69.8%)
|
ECOHIS questionnaire by parents
|
Family SES or poverty related factors based on parent’s/caregiver’s education, family work conditions and oral health care coverage
|
SES or poverty related factors on family impact section of ECOHIS
|
Not conducted
|
None
|
Poor
|
[83]
|