Table 1 Dummy variables used to model health state valuations

Mobility (MO)

0 if No problems with walking about (level 1)

1 if Some problems with walking about (level 2)

2 if Confined to bed (level 3)

Self-care (SC)

0 if No problems with self-care (level 1)

1 if Some problems washing or dressing self (level 2)

2 if Unable to wash or dress self (level 3)

Usual activities (UA)

0 if No problems with performing usual activities (e.g. work, study, housework, family or leisure activities) (level 1)

1 if Some problems with performing usual activities (level 2)

2 if Unable to perform usual activities (level 3)

Pain/discomfort (PD)

0 if No pain or discomfort (level 1)

1 if Moderate pain or discomfort (level 2)

2 if Extreme pain or discomfort (level 3)

Anxiety/depression (AD)

0 if Not anxious or depressed (level 1)

1 if Moderately anxious or depressed (level 2)

2 if Extremely anxious or depressed (level 3)

Any dimensions at level 3 (N3)

1 if any dimension is at level 3

0 otherwise