Table 1 Characteristics of excluded and included patients

Before RRS implementation

n = 81

n = 437

Gender male (%)

40 (49)

225 (52)

0.58

Mean age mean (SD)

57 (21)

56 (15)

0.41

ASA-PS (SD)

2.3 (0.9)

2.0 (0.8)

0.01

After RRS implementation

n = 83

n = 466

Gender male (%)

42 (51)

239 (51)

0.83

Age mean (SD)

61 (18)

58 (16)

0.07

ASA-PS (SD)

2.4 (0.8)

2.1 (0.7)

<0.01