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Table 3 Factors associated with non- and partial responses

From: Non response, incomplete and inconsistent responses to self-administered health-related quality of life measures in the general population: patterns, determinants and impact on the validity of estimates — a population-based study in France using the MOS SF-36

A

 

NON RESPONDERS

PARTIAL RESPONDERS

 

Complete and consistent (Reference)

Absent at the 2-month visit

Incapable of responding

Not willing to fill-in

> 2 missing physical and role items

> 2 missing mental items

> 2 missing physical and role items and > 2 missing mental items

Complete questionnaires with > 2 inconsistencies

Other (slightly) incomplete and inconsistent questionnaire

  

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Age

         

18-24

1.3 (1.1-1.6)

0.3 (0.1-1.2)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

1.1 (0.5-2.5)

0.7 (0.4-1.2)

0.5 (0.2-1.1)

1.4 (0.9-2.2)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

25-39

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

40-49

 

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

1.8 (0.9-3.7)

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

1.8 (1.0-3.3)

1.3 (0.9-1.9)

1.5 (0.9-2.7)

1.4 (1.0-2.0)

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

50-59

 

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

1.4 (0.6-3.1)

1.2 (1.0-1.5)

3.5 (1.9-6.5)

2.4 (1.7-3.5)

2.0 (1.1-3.5)

1.1 (0.7-1.6)

1.4 (1.2-1.6)

60-64

 

1.2 (0.9-1.6)

3.9 (1.7-9.0)

0.9 (0.6-1.2)

4.1 (1.8-9.2)

1.7 (1.0-3.1)

3.7 (1.8-7.6)

1.6 (0.9-3.0)

1.5 (1.2-2.0)

65-69

 

1.4 (1.0-1.8)

1.4 (0.5-4.0)

1.2 (0.9-1.7)

4.3 (1.9-9.7)

2.8 (1.6-4.9)

4.9 (2.4-9.8)

0.9 (0.4-1.9)

1.9 (1.5-2.5)

70-74

 

1.9 (1.4-2.6)

3.9 (1.6-10.0)

1.9 (1.3-2.6)

6.4 (2.8-14.5)

1.8 (0.9-3.4)

8.2 (4.1-16.4)

2.0 (1.0-3.9)

2.1 (1.6-2.8)

75-79

 

1.9 (1.3-2.6)

4.6 (1.7-12.5)

2.7 (1.9-3.9)

8.2 (3.4-19.7)

3.5 (1.9-6.7)

16.4 (8.1-33.2)

0.2 (0.0-1.4)

2.5 (1.8-3.5)

80-84

 

2.2 (1.5-3.3)

6.6 (2.3-18.7)

2.4 (1.6-3.7)

7.4 (2.7-19.8)

3.7 (1.8-7.6)

15.1 (7.1-32)

0.8 (0.2-2.9)

2.1 (1.5-3.1)

≥85

 

4.0 (2.3-6.8)

17.3 (5.5-53.9)

6.6 (3.8-11.3)

7.2 (1.8-29.3)

3.1 (1.0-9.9)

15.2 (5.8-40.1)

3.4 (1.0-11.1)

3.0 (1.7-5.3)

Region of residence

         

West

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Paris region

 

1.4 (1.1-1.6)

0.9 (0.4-2.0)

2.5 (2.0-3.2)

1.2 (0.7-2.3)

1.0 (0.7-1.5)

1.0 (0.7-1.6)

1.4 (0.9-2.3)

1.1 (0.9-1.3)

Eastern Parisian Basin

 

0.8 (0.6-1.0)

1.1 (0.8-1.4)

0.8 (0.6-1.0)

1.1 (0.6-2.1)

0.8 (0.6-1.2)

0.8 (0.5-1.2)

1.2 (0.7-2.0)

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

Western Parisian Basin

 

1.1 (0.8-1.4)

0.5 (0.2-1.7)

1.0 (0.7-1.5)

1.0 (0.5-2.2)

0.9 (0.5-1.5)

0.7 (0.4-1.3)

1.0 (0.5-1.9)

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

East

 

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

2.1 (0.9-4.9)

1.5 (1.1-2.0)

1.0 (0.4-2.1)

0.8 (0.5-1.4)

0.7 (0.4-1.2)

1.7 (1.0-2.9)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

Mediterranean Basin

 

2.2 (1.8-2.7)

0.9 (0.4-2.2)

2.7 (2.0-3.5)

1.8 (1.0-3.3)

0.8 (0.5-1.3)

0.9 (0.5-1.4)

1.0 (0.6-1.8)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

North

 

1.2 (0.9-1.4)

0.8 (0.3-2.1)

1.4 (1.0-1.8)

1.0 (0.5-2.1)

0.9 (0.6-1.4)

0.9 (0.5-1.5)

1.4 (0.8-2.4)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

South-East

 

0.9 (0.7-1.2)

0.7 (0.3-1.9)

1.3 (1.0-1.8)

1.5 (0.8-3.0)

1.0 (0.6-1.5)

0.6 (0.3-1.0)

0.9 (0.5-1.6)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

South-West

 

1.1 (0.9-1.4)

1.6 (0.7-3.8)

2.3 (1.7-3.0)

1.1 (0.5-2.2)

1.2 (0.8-1.8)

0.8 (0.5-1.4)

1.3 (0.7-2.2)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

Education

         

Upper tertiary level

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

No diploma

 

2.3 (1.9-2.9)

64.6 (8.7-481.0)

3.3 (2.4-4.4)

1.7 (0.8-3.9)

1.9 (1.1-3.4)

15.5 (4.6-52.5)

3.0 (1.7-5.5)

1.9 (1.5-2.4)

Primary school

 

1.9 (1.5-2.3)

30.2 (4.1-224.2)

3.2 (2.4-4.2)

2.0 (1.1-3.7)

1.9 (1.2-3.1)

17.3 (5.4-55.2)

2.0 (1.1-3.6)

1.7 (1.4-2.1)

Lower secondary level

 

1.1 (0.8-1.4)

8.8 (1.0-81.3)

1.8 (1.3-2.5)

1.2 (0.5-2.8)

1.2 (0.7-2.2)

5.4 (1.4-20.4)

1.7 (0.9-3.2)

1.2 (0.9-1.5)

Intermediate Secondary level

 

1.4 (1.1-1.7)

4.6 (0.6-37.1)

1.7 (1.3-2.2)

1.2 (0.7-2.3)

1.6 (1.0-2.5)

7.8 (2.4-25.2)

1.6 (1.0-2.8)

1.4 (1.2-1.7)

Upper Secondary level

 

1.2 (0.9-1.5)

5.9 (0.7-51.8)

1.7 (1.2-2.3)

0.9 (0.4-2.0)

1.0 (0.6-1.8)

4.8 (1.3-16.8)

1.2 (0.7-2.4)

1.2 (1.0-1.6)

Lower tertiary level

 

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

0.9 (0.1-13.8)

1.2 (0.9-1.6)

0.7 (0.3-1.5)

0.9 (0.5-1.5)

3.4 (0.9-11.9)

1.0 (0.6-1.8)

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

Marital status

         

Married/in couple

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Single

 

1.4 (1.3-1.7)

3.1 (1.8-5.3)

1.6 (1.3-1.8)

1.6 (1.0-2.5)

1.0 (0.7-1.6)

1.5 (0.9-2.4)

1.3 (0.8-2.2)

1.2 (1.0-1.5)

Divorced/separated

 

1.1 (0.8-1.3)

3.3 (1.7-6.3)

1.4 (1.1-1.8)

0.9 (0.4-1.7)

1.3 (0.9-1.7)

1.8 (1.2-2.7)

1.1 (0.8-1.6)

1.1 (1.0-1.3)

Widowed

 

1.0 (0.8-1.4)

2.1 (1.1-4.2)

0.8 (0.6-1.2)

0.9 (0.5-1.9)

0.9 (0.5-1.6)

1.0 (0.6-1.5)

1.2 (0.5-2.5)

1.0 (0.8-1.3)

Geographic Origin

         

Metropolitan France

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Foreign background

 

1.8 (1.6-2.1)

13.6 (8.8-21.0)

1.9 (1.6-2.2)

1.0 (0.6-1.7)

1.0 (0.7-1.4)

1.7 (1.2-2.5)

1.5 (1.1 -2.2)

1.5 (1.3-1.7)

Occupation (active)

         

Yes

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

No

 

1.2 (1.0-1.3)

1.8 (1.0-3.1)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

1.3 (0.8-2.1)

1.4 (1.0-2.0)

1.5 (0.9-2.3)

1.3 (0.9-1.9)

1.1 (0.9-1.2)

Elixhauser score (per point of score)

 

0.8 (0.7-0.9)

1.9 (1.3-2.6)

1.1 (1.0-1.3)

1.1 (0.8-1.5)

1.0 (0.7-1.3)

1.2 (1.0-1.5)

0.7 (0.4-1.0)

1.2 (1.0-1.3)

(Un)complicated Hypertension

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

0.6 (0.4-0.7)

0.3 (0.1-0.5)

0.7 (0.6-0.9)

0.7 (0.4-1.3)

0.9 (0.6-1.4)

0.4 (0.3-0.6)

1.4 (0.8-2.6)

0.7 (0.5-0.8)

Chronic pulmonary and pulm. circulation disorders

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

0.6 (0.5-0.8)

0.4 (0.2-0.8)

0.8 (0.6-1.1)

0.7 (0.4-1.5)

0.6 (0.4-1.1)

0.9 (0.6-1.5)

1.8 (1.0-3.3)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

Anxiety disorders

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

0.4 (0.2-1.0)

7.1 (2.3-22.3)

0.5 (0.2-1.3)

0.7 (0.1-5.4)

0.7 (0.2-2.9)

1.8 (0.6-5.2)

<0.001

1.0 (0.6-1.8)

Migraine

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

0.4 (0.3-0.6)

0.8 (0.3-2.1)

0.4 (0.3-0.7)

0.2 (0.0-1.5)

1.4 (0.8-2.4)

1.2 (0.6-2.4)

0.9 (0.4-1.8)

1.0 (0.8-1.3)

Bilateral blindness

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

0.7 (0.3-1.5)

14.8 (7.1-32.9)

1.8 (1.0-3.2)

0.6 (0.1-4.5)

1.4 (0.5-4.1)

2.8 (1.3-5.9)

0.7 (0.1-5.0)

1.4 (0.8-2.5)

B

 

NON RESPONDERS

PARTIAL RESPONDERS

 

Complete and consistent (Reference)

Absent at the 2-month visit

Incapable of responding

Not willing to fill-in

> 2 missing physical and role items

> 2 missing mental items

> 2 missing physical and role items and > 2 missing mental items

Complete questionnaires with > 2 inconsistencies

Other (slightly) incomplete and inconsistent questionnaire

  

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Age

         

18-24

1.2 (1.0-1.5)

0.2 (0.0-1.9)

0.8 (0.6-1.1)

0.8 (0.4-1.6)

0.7 (0.4-1.2)

<0.001

1.6 (0.9-3)

0.8 (0.6-0.9)

25-39

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

40-49

 

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

3.1 (1.5-6.8)

1.2 (0.9-1.4)

1.5 (0.9-2.6)

1.9 (1.4-2.7)

3.1 (1.7-5.5)

1.0 (0.6-1.7)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

50-59

 

1.5 (1.2-1.8)

2.9 (1.2-7.1)

1.5 (1.2-2.0)

2.2 (1.2-3.9)

2.9 (2.0-4.3)

5.3 (2.9-9.6)

1.6 (0.9-2.7)

1.4 (1.2-1.7)

60-64

 

1.5 (1.1-2.0)

1.5 (0.5-4.4)

1.8 (1.3-2.4)

2.8 (1.4-5.6)

4.1 (2.6-6.6)

9.7 (5.1-18.4)

1.1 (0.5-2.3)

1.6 (1.3-2.0)

65-69

 

2.3 (1.7-3.0)

1.2 (0.4-3.7)

2.6 (1.9-3.5)

4.9 (2.5-9.7)

4.1 (2.5-6.9)

11.7 (6.1-22.4)

1.6 (0.8-3.3)

1.9 (1.5-2.4)

70-74

 

2.8 (2.1-3.8)

0.9 (0.3-3.0)

3.2 (2.3-4.3)

5.9 (3.0-11.7)

5.4 (3.2-9.1)

20.3 (10.8-38.4)

1.5 (0.7-3.2)

2.4 (1.9-3.1)

75-79

 

3.5 (2.5-4.9)

2.6 (0.9-7.5)

4.8 (3.4-6.6)

6.4 (3.1-13.4)

6.9 (4.0-11.9)

26.3 (13.7-50.5)

2.7 (1.3-5.7)

2.5 (1.9-3.3)

80-84

 

5.7 (3.9-8.3)

11.3 (4.2-30.0)

6.1 (4.1-9.0)

6.2 (2.5-15.0)

6.4 (3.2-12.6)

39.9 (20.1-79.3)

3.5 (1.5-8.2)

3.2 (2.3-4.5)

≥85

 

3.3 (2.0-5.3)

5.5 (1.8-16.9)

4.5 (2.8-7.2)

8.8 (3.5-22.2)

4.7 (2.0-11.1)

17.5 (7.7-39.5)

1.1 (0.2-4.9)

1.8 (1.2-2.8)

Education

         

Upper tertiary level

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

No diploma

 

2.4 (1.7-3.4)

11.6 (1.5-89.6)

1.8 (1.2-2.6)

2.7 (1.0-7.5)

1.7 (0.9-3.1)

3.4 (1.2-10.0)

4.0 (1.3-12.0)

2.5 (1.9-3.4)

Primary school

 

1.6 (1.1-2.2)

4.7 (0.6-36.1)

1.8 (1.2-2.6)

2.2 (0.8-5.9)

1.5 (0.8-2.6)

3.3 (1.2-9.2)

3.6 (1.2-10.5)

2.4 (1.8-3.1)

Lower secondary level

 

1.1 (0.7-1.5)

0.6 (0.0-6.5)

0.9 (0.6-1.3)

1.3 (0.5-3.7)

1.1 (0.6-2.0)

1.7 (0.6-5.1)

2.0 (0.6-6.1)

1.6 (1.2-2.1)

Intermediate Secondary level

 

0.9 (0.6-1.2)

0.5 (0.1-4.7)

0.8 (0.6-1.2)

1.5 (0.6-3.8)

1.4 (0.8-2.4)

1.4 (0.5-4.1)

2.1 (0.7-6.1)

1.6 (1.3-2.1)

Upper Secondary level

 

1.1 (0.8-1.5)

0.5 (0.0-6.0)

1.0 (0.7-1.5)

0.9 (0.3-2.6)

0.9 (0.5-1.7)

2.1 (0.7-5.9)

1.5 (0.5-4.5)

1.5 (1.1-1.9)

Lower tertiary level

 

0.9 (0.7-1.3)

0.7 (0.1-7.0)

1.0 (0.7-1.4)

1.1 (0.4-3.0)

0.9 (0.5-1.5)

1.1 (0.4-3.2)

1.4 (0.5-4.2)

1.4 (1.1-1.8)

Marital status

         

Married/in couple

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Single

 

1.4 (1.2-1.6)

1.1 (0.6-2.2)

1.1 (0.9-1.3)

1.3 (0.8-2.0)

1.1 (0.8-1.5)

1.6 (1.1-2.3)

0.8 (0.5-1.3)

1.1 (1.0-1.2)

Divorced/separated

 

1.6 (1.3-1.9)

1.0 (0.5-2.2)

1.5 (1.2-1.9)

1.2 (0.7-2.0)

1.7 (1.3-2.3)

1.2 (0.8-1.8)

1.1 (0.7-1.8)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

Widowed

 

1.5 (1.3-1.9)

1.4 (0.8-2.4)

1.3 (1.1-1.6)

1.1 (0.7-1.7)

1.2 (0.9-1.7)

1.3 (1.0-1.7)

0.9 (0.6-1.6)

1.2 (1.0-1.4)

Occupation (active)

        

Yes

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

No

 

1.1 (1.0-1.3)

7.7 (3.6-16.6)

1.1 (0.9-1.3)

1.5 (1.0-2.2)

1.0 (0.8-1.3)

1.5 (1.1-2.2)

1.5 (1.1-2.2)

1.1 (1.0-1.2)

Income (10,000 €/year/household unit)

 

0.9 (0.8-0.9)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

0.8 (0.8-0.9)

0.9 (0.8-1.1)

1.0 (0.9-1.1)

0.7 (0.6-0.9)

0.9 (0.8-1.1)

1.0 (1.0-1.0)

Elixhauser score (per point of score)

 

0.9 (0.8-1.0)

1.2 (0.8-1.6)

1.0 (0.8-1.1)

0.9 (0.7-1.2)

1.0 (0.9-1.3)

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

1.2 (1.0-1.6)

1.0 (0.9-1.1)

(Un)complicated Hypertension

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

0.7 (0.5-0.8)

1.0 (0.6-1.6)

0.9 (0.7-1.1)

1.2 (0.8-1.9)

0.7 (0.5-1.0)

1.1 (0.8-1.4)

0.9 (0.6-1.4)

1.0 (0.8-1.2)

Paralysis

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

2.7 (1.1-6.4)

7.0 (2.1-23.3)

1.0 (0.3-3.1)

<0.001

3.0 (0.9-9.6)

1.5 (0.4-5.5)

<0.001

1.2 (0.5-2.8)

Other neurological disorders

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

1.2 (0.6-2.2)

3.4 (1.2-9.4)

1.1 (0.6-2.2)

1.9 (0.6-6.5)

1.9 (0.8-4.4)

2.4 (10-5.4)

1.0 (0.2-4.1)

0.9 (0.5-1.5)

Diabetes

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

1.4 (1.0-1.9)

2.1 (1.1-4.0)

1.6 (1.2-2.2)

1.0 (0.5-2.0)

0.7 (0.4-1.3)

1.5 (1.0-2.2)

1.0 (0.5-2.1)

1.1 (0.8-1.4)

Migraine

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

0.6 (0.5-0.8)

0.8 (0.3-1.8)

0.6 (0.5-0.9)

1.0 (0.6-1.7)

0.8 (0.6-1.3)

1.1 (0.7-1.7)

0.9 (0.5-1.5)

1.0 (0.9-1.2)

Sleeping disorders

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

0.5 (0.4-0.8)

0.8 (0.3-2.0)

0.6 (0.4-0.9)

1.0 (0.5-2.0)

0.8 (0.5-1.5)

0.8 (0.5-1.3)

1.9 (1.1-3.4)

0.8 (0.6-1.0)

Visual deficiency

         

No

 

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

1.0

Yes

 

0.9 (0.8-1.1)

0.6 (0.4-1.0)

0.8 (0.7-1.0)

0.6 (0.4-1.0)

0.9 (0.7-1.2)

1.0 (0.7-1.4)

0.8 (0.5-1.1)

1.0 (0.9-1.1)

  1. Statistically significant odds ratios are in bold. Panel A: men, Panel B: women.