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Table 1 Baseline characteristics and 24-month clinical outcomes: patients initiated on exenatide twice daily (BID) or insulin

From: Patient-reported outcomes among patients using exenatide twice daily or insulin in clinical practice in six European countries: the CHOICE prospective observational study

Variable

Exenatide BID

Insulin

Baseline

Baseline

(N = 1114) a

(N = 1274) a

Male, n (%)

n = 1114

n = 1274

598 (53.7)

733 (57.5)

Age, years

n = 1114

n = 1274

58.1 (10.1)

63.7 (10.9)

Time since diabetes diagnosis, years

n = 1105

n = 1263

8.2 (5.7)

9.8 (7.3)

Diabetes complications, n (%)

n = 1114

n = 1274

 ≥1 macrovascular complication

200 (18.0)

320 (25.1)

 ≥1 microvascular complication

164 (14.7)

263 (20.6)

 

Baseline

24 months

Baseline

24 months

(N = 1114) a

(N = 873) a

(N = 1274) a

(N = 1025) a

Weight, kg

n = 1112

n = 810

n = 1270

n = 947

101.2 (21.7)

98.3 (21.3)

84.2 (17.6)

86.7 (17.8)

BMI, kg/m2

n = 1100

n = 805

n = 1265

n = 942

35.3 (6.6)

34.2 (6.4)

29.7 (5.4)

30.6 (5.5)

Blood pressure, mmHg

n = 1103

n = 769

n = 1259

n = 895

 Systolic

137.7 (16.5)

134.8 (15.2)

137.4 (17.4)

133.9 (15.3)

 Diastolic

81.7 (9.6)

78.7 (9.7)

80.2 (9.9)

78.0 (8.8)

HbA1c,%

n = 1087

n = 812

n = 1245

n = 944

8.4 (1.4)b

7.3 (1.2)

9.2 (1.9)b

7.3 (1.1)

Patients with HbA1c <7%, n (%)

n = 1087

n = 705

n = 1245

n = 871

128 (11.8)

258 (36.6)c

75 (6.0)

333 (38.2)c

No. of OADs used, n (%)

n = 1114

n = 873

n = 1274

n = 1025

 0

76 (6.8)

94 (10.8)

333 (26.1)

304 (29.7)

 1

499 (44.8)

375 (43.0)

574 (45.1)

473 (46.1)

 2

491 (44.1)

341 (39.1)

341 (26.8)

220 (21.5)

 ≥3

48 (4.3)

63 (7.2)

26 (2.0)

28 (2.7)

Patients with ≥1 hypoglycaemic event, n (%)d

n = 1112

n = 1061

n = 1274

n = 1221

59 (5.3)

195 (18.4)

56 (4.4)

449 (36.8)

Patients with ≥1 GI symptom, n (%)

n = 1113

n = 1060

n = 1273

n = 1219

72 (6.5)

327 (30.8)e

47 (3.7)

64 (5.3)e

Patients achieving lipid targets, n (%)

    

 HDL-C >50 mg/dl

n = 989

n = 651

n = 1083

n = 737

287 (29.0)

234 (35.9)

336 (31.0)

278 (37.7)

 LDL-C <100 mg/dl

n = 967

n = 635

n = 1055

n = 729

420 (43.4)

292 (46.0)

384 (36.4)

307 (42.1)

 Triglycerides <150 mg/dl

n = 1005

n = 659

n = 1118

n = 753

362 (36.0)

326 (49.5)

450 (40.3)

417 (55.4)

 HDL-C >50, LDL-C <100 & Triglycerides <150 mg/dl

n = 1012

n = 659

n = 1113

n = 748

73 (7.2)

81 (12.3)

75 (6.7)

82 (11.0)

  1. Continuous data are means (SD).
  2. BID = twice daily; BMI = body mass index; HbA1c = glycated haemoglobin; OAD = oral antidiabetes drug; GI = gastrointestinal; HDL-C = high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C = low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; SD = standard deviation.
  3. aN numbers represent the number of patients who attended a baseline or 24-month visit. Percentages are based on the number of patients with data.
  4. bMost recent in previous 3 months.
  5. cData from the subgroup of 959 patients in the exenatide BID initiators group and 1170 patients in the insulin initiators group with baseline HbA1c ≥7.0% at baseline (254 and 299 patients, respectively, had missing data).
  6. dPatient recall: baseline = past 3 months; 24 months = patients recalled events at each visit (between baseline and 24 months) that they had experienced since their previous visit.
  7. ePatient recall: Baseline = past 4 weeks; 24 months = patients recalled symptoms at each visit (between baseline and 24 months) that they had experienced since their previous visit.