Key criteria | |
---|---|
Inclusion | Exclusion |
Current clinical diagnosis of COPD based on the GOLD 2008 guideline criteria [20] | |
Ages 40–80 years | |
Current or former smoker with smoking history of ≥ 10 pack-years | |
Evidence of SOB confirmed by clinician mMRC dyspnea rating of ≥ 2 for GOLD spirometric classifications II–IV patients | |
Experienced an exacerbation in the 60 days preceding enrolment | |
Concurrent diagnosis of asthma | |
Known respiratory disorders other than COPDa | |
Organic heart disease with resultant left ventricular failure and New York Heart Association class 2–4 | |
Known neuromuscular disease |