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Table 3 Pre-post differences between intervention and control groups on the Wellness Evaluation of Lifestyle (WEL)

From: Physical activity, sedentary behavior and total wellness changes among sedentary adults: a 4-week randomized controlled trial

 

Intervention group

Control group

Variable

Baseline

Week-4

   

Baseline

Week-4

  

WEL Scale

Mean%

Mean%

t

p

Cohen

Mean%

Mean%

t

p

Sense of worth

64

79

-3.9

p < .001

d =1.20

66

66

-.06

p =0.95

Sense control

73

84

-3.1

p < .001

d =0.62

66

70

-1.0

p =0.33

Realistic beliefs

61

65

-1.0

p = 0.32

d =0.34

51

55

-.99

p =0.33

Emotional responsiveness

65

86

-4.0

p < .01

d =1.66

64

68

-.75

p =0.46

Intellectual stimulation

71

78

-2.7

p < .05

d =0.81

68

72

-1.3

p =0.18

Sense humor

64

78

-2.4

p < .05

d =0.90

65

69

-.78

p =0.44

Nutrition

66

85

-4.3

p < .001

d =1.25

60

56

.52

p =0.61

Exercise/physical activity

58

97

-8.9

p < .001

d =3.08

54

53

.20

p =0.84

Self care

83

81

.55

p = 0.77

d =0.19

77

76

.47

p =0.64

Stress management

54

64

-2.1

p < .05

d =0.72

54

61

-1.2

p =0.23

Gender identity

70

73

-.79

p = 0.43

d =0.27

71

67

.79

p =0.44

Cultural identity

73

71

.44

p = 0.66

d =0.12

65

71

-1.3

p =0.19

LIFE TASKS

         

Total self-regulation†‡

66

78

-6.0

p < .001

d =1.58

63

65

-.88

p =0.39

Spirituality†

50

56

-2.9

p < .001

d =0.62

56

59

-.77

p =0.44

Work†

63

71

-2.9

p < .001

d =0.80

65

61

1.0

p =0.30

Leisure†

53

71

-4.3

p < .001

d =1.22

57

61

-.90

p =0.38

Friendship†

72

80

-2.4

p < .05

d =0.82

71

70

.19

p =0.85

Love†

65

72

-2.4

p < .05

d =0.37

67

66

.23

p =0.81

Total wellness

64

75

-6.5

p < .001

d =1.25

63

64

-.68

p =0.50

  1. †Total wellness was determined by calculating the percentage scores from the life tasks, including spirituality, self-regulation, work and leisure, friendship, and love. ‡ Total Self-Regulation was determined by calculating the percentage scores from (Sense of Worth through Cultural Identity scales). A Cohen d value of 0.8 or greater indicates a large effect size.
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Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

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