Variables | N (%) a | Adjusted least squares | Lower 95% CI | Upper 95% CI | p-values |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | |||||
Complications and comorbidites | |||||
Number of complicationsb | <0.001 | ||||
0 | 1579 (46.1) | −1.25 | −1.33 | −1.17 | |
1 | 828 (24.2) | −1.56 | −1.66 | −1.45 | |
2 | 518 (15.1) | −1.92 | −2.06 | −1.78 | |
3 | 284 (8.3) | −2.17 | −2.36 | −1.98 | |
4 or more | 215 (6.3) | −2.50 | −2.72 | −2.27 | |
Depression | 0.001 | ||||
No | 2615 (76.4) | −1.53 | −1.59 | −1.47 | |
Yes | 809 (23.6) | −1.75 | −1.87 | −1.64 | |
Anxiety | <0.001 | ||||
No | 3081 (90.0) | −1.54 | −1.59 | −1.48 | |
Yes | 343 (10.0) | −1.97 | −2.15 | −1.79 | |
Schizophrenia | 0.016 | ||||
No | 3405 (99.5) | −1.58 | −1.63 | −1.52 | |
Yes | 19 (0.5) | −2.47 | −3.20 | −1.75 | |
Non-melanoma cancers | 0.008 | ||||
No | 3107 (90.7) | −1.60 | −1.66 | −1.55 | |
Yes | 317 (9.3) | −1.35 | −1.53 | −1.18 | |
Other significant demographic and clinical covariates | |||||
Household income | <0.001 | ||||
<$20 K | 925 (27.2) | −1.82 | −1.93 | −1.71 | |
20 K – 40 K | 863 (25.2) | −1.50 | −1.61 | −1.39 | |
40 K – 80 K | 772 (22.6) | −1.42 | −1.53 | −1.30 | |
80 K – 120 K | 309 (9.0) | −1.36 | −1.54 | −1.17 | |
120 K – 160 K | 108 (3.2) | −1.25 | −1.55 | −0.95 | |
>160 K | 67 (2.0) | −0.91 | −1.30 | −0.53 | |
Missing/do not know | 380 (11.1) | −1.92 | −2.08 | −1.76 | |
Marital status | 0.018 | ||||
Never married | 208 (6.1) | −1.32 | −1.54 | −1.09 | |
Co-habiting | 2450 (71.6) | −1.62 | −1.69 | −1.56 | |
Secondarily single | 766 (22.4) | −1.52 | −1.64 | −1.40 | |
HbA1c result | <0.001 | ||||
Under 6.5% | 796 (23.3) | −1.38 | −1.49 | −1.27 | |
6.5% - 7.0% | 891 (26.0) | −1.57 | −1.67 | −1.46 | |
7.1% - 8.0% | 746 (21.8) | −1.62 | −1.73 | −1.50 | |
Over 8.0% | 453 (13.2) | −1.95 | −2.10 | −1.80 | |
Do not know | 538 (15.7) | −1.55 | −1.68 | −1.41 | |
Age quartile | <0.001 | ||||
Q1: 22–55 y | 858 (25.1) | −2.07 | −2.18 | −1.95 | |
Q2: 56–62 y | 871 (25.4) | −1.67 | −1.78 | −1.56 | |
Q3: 63–69 y | 877 (25.6) | −1.43 | −1.53 | −1.32 | |
Q4: 70–94 y | 818 (23.9) | −1.15 | −1.27 | −1.03 | |
Treatment status | <0.001 | ||||
Insulin requiring | 630 (18.4) | −2.01 | −2.15 | −1.88 | |
Oral medications | 2078 (60.7) | −1.58 | −1.64 | −1.51 | |
Diet and/or exercise only | 716 (20.9) | −1.22 | −1.34 | −1.10 |