Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics
Variable | Total | Ambulatory | Hospital | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
N = 486 | N = 164 | N = 322 | ||
Sex, male | 432 (88.9) | 138 (84.2) | 294 (91.3) | 0.022 |
Age, years | 69.4 (9.5) | 69.5 (9.1) | 69.3 (9.7) | 0.91 |
BMI, Kg/m2 | 27.8 (9.7) | 29.4 (14.9) | 26.9 (5.1) | <0.001 |
Active smokers | 139 (28.6) | 49 (29.9) | 90 (28) | 0.65 |
Smoking habit, pack/years | 54.5 (30.5) | 48.9 (28.9) | 57.3 (30.9) | 0.004 |
Level of education | ||||
No school | 117 (24.1) | 22 (13.4) | 95 (29.5) | <0.001 |
Primary education | 245 (50.4) | 93 (56.7) | 152 (47.2) | |
Secondary/higher education | 124 (25.5) | 49 (29.9) | 75 (23.3) | |
Cardiovascular risk | ||||
None | 123 (25.3) | 28 (17.0) | 95 (29.5) | 0.009 |
Increased | 128 (26.3) | 45 (27.4) | 83 (25.8) | |
High | 115 (23.7) | 39 (23.8) | 76 (23.6) | |
Very high | 120 (24.7) | 52 (31.7) | 68 (21.1) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 127 (26.1) | 41 (25.0) | 86 (26.7) | 0.68 |
Waist circumference, cm | 99.2 (18.7) | 101.3 (14.7) | 98.1 (20.4) | <0.001 |
Time walking per day, minutes | 55.0 (26.0) | 68.2 (32.3) | 48.08 (24.2) | <0.001 |
Time of COPD evolution, years | 9.9 (8.3) | 8.6 (7.4) | 10.6 (8.6) | 0.013 |
Number of exacerbations previous year | 2.9 (2.7) | 2.4 (1.9) | 3.2 (2.9) | 0.002 |
FVC, mL | 2549.1 (795.9) | 2930.9 (864.8) | 2357.0 (683.0) | <0.001 |
FVC, % | 68.1 (17.5) | 76.3 (16.1) | 64.0 (16.7) | <0.001 |
FEV1, mL | 1312.9 (523.8) | 1658.9 (534.9) | 1138.8 (422.5) | <0.001 |
FEV1, % | 47.7 (17.4) | 59.3 (16.2) | 41.8 (14.9) | <0.001 |
FEV1/FVC, % | 51.4 (11.7) | 56.9 (9.8) | 48.7 (11.6) | <0.001 |