Quality of life impact of cardiovascular and affective conditions among older residents from urban and rural communities

Table 2 Primary analysis: hierarchical linear regression analysis of the correlates of physical and psychological quality of life impairment (N = 4364)

		Physical impairment				Psychological impairment
		β	p	Step R ²	p	β	p	Step R ²	p
Step 1	Demographic factors			0.067	<.001			0.013	<.001
	(Z)Age	0.16	<.001			−0.04	.014
	Female	−0.05	.002			0.07	<.001
	12 + years education	−0.10	<.001			−0.02	.116
	Married/de facto	−0.08	<.001			−0.07	<.001
	Retired	0.06	<.001			0.01	.500
Step 2	Cardiovascular & affective conditions			0.069	<.001			0.114	<.001
	Stroke	0.10	<.001			0.07	<.001
	Heart-attack/angina	0.14	<.001			0.06	<.001
	Depression/anxiety	0.19	<.001			0.32	<.001
Step 3	Other health related indicators			0.102	<.001			0.120	<.001
	Diabetes	0.09	<.001			0.01	.322
	Obesity	0.18	<.001			0.07	<.001
	Current smoker	0.04	.006			0.03	.029
	High cholesterol	−0.01	.674			0.00	.999
	Hypertension	0.04	.003			0.02	.153
	Social support	−0.22	<.001			−0.34	<.001
Step 4	Contextual factors			0.003	<.001			0.018	<.001
	(Z)Remoteness	−0.06	<.001			−0.14	<.001
Step 5	Interactions (2-way)			0.001	.353			0.002	.007
	Cardiovascular*(Z)Remoteness	0.01	.593			0.02	.103
	Cardiovascular*Depression	0.01	.387			0.04	.010
	Depression*(Z)Remoteness	−0.02	.126			−0.03	.074
Step 6	Interactions (3-way)			0.000	.437			0.000	.950
	CardiovascularDepression (Z)Remoteness	−0.01	.438			0.00	.966
Step 7	Cohort	0.10	<.001	0.004	<.001	0.20	<.001	0.018	<.001
Model diagnostics
Significance (F value)		70.85, p < .001				86.64, p < .001
R ²		24.6%				28.5%
Adjusted R²		24.3%				28.2%

Note: Reported statistics are based on pooled results (across multiple imputation datasets).

ISSN: 1477-7525