Table 2 Total costs per patient, associated with incontinence in general
Citation | Country | Perspective | Time-frame | Cost components reported | Cost year | UI costs | Inflated 2010 | Costs per year (2010) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total costs | ||||||||
Labor Costs | ||||||||
Green 2003 [34] | Australia, New Zealand | Provider | 1 day | Rehabilitation staff | 1996 | $185.60/day AUD | $267.40/day AUD | * |
Geriatric evaluation staff | $164.62/day AUD | $237.27/day AUD | * | |||||
Morris 2005 [33] | Australia | Provider | 1 day | Nursing staff supervision | 2003 | $32.4 AUD | $39.42 AUD | * |
Frantz et al. 2003 [41] | US | Provider | 1 day | Nursing staff supervision | 1995 | $112 | $197.30 | $72,014.50 |
Nursing assistant time for toileting | $1,361 | $2397.56 | $5,208.55 | |||||
($8.10/day) | ($14.27/day) | |||||||
Prasopsanti et al. 2007 [41] | Thailand | Society | 1 yr | Incremental labor costs in LTC | 2002 | $4.52/shift | $6.15/shift | $6,741.87/yr |
$13.57/day | $18.56/day | |||||||
$4,957/yr | $6,741.87/yr | |||||||
Shih et al. 2003 [40] | US | Provider | 1 yr | Labor costs in LTC | 2005 | UI = $9.96 | Urinary Incontinent = $13.55 | UI = $13.55 |
Occasionally Incontinent = $11.90 | ||||||||
Occasionally Incontinent = $8.75 | Occasionally Incontinent = $11.90 | Frequently Incontinent = $14.42 | ||||||
Frequently Incontinent = $10.60 | Frequently Incontinent = $14.42 | |||||||
Diagnosis | ||||||||
Papanicolaou 2005 [35] | Germany | Payer | 1 yr | Diagnosis | 2004 | €42 | €46.14 | $61.27 USD |
Spain | Diagnosis | €186 | €216.12 | $286.98 | ||||
UK/Ireland | Diagnosis | €6 | €7 | $9.30 | ||||
Tediosi 2000 [37] | Italy | Payer | 1 yr | Diagnosis | 1997 | L76.142 | L100.27 | $133.15 USD |
Routine Incontinence Management ( Supplies and Medication) | ||||||||
Frantz et al. 2003 [39] | US | Provider | 6 mo | Barrier cream | 1995 | $745 | $1,312.40 | $2,624.80 |
Disposable briefs | $723 | $1,273.65 | $2,547.30 | |||||
Bed pads | $304 | $535.53 | $1,071.06 | |||||
Incontinence management | $9.09/day | $16.01 | $5,843.65 | |||||
Total incontinence management | $1,372 | $2,416.94 | $4,833.88 | |||||
Irwin et al. 2009 [36] | Canada | Provider | 1 yr | Incontinence pad usage | 2005 | €56 | €60.97 | $80.96 |
Germany | Incontinence pad usage | €66 | €71.41 | $94.82 | ||||
Italy | Incontinence pad usage | €102 | €112.12 | $148.88 | ||||
Spain | Incontinence pad usage | €102 | €114.65 | $152.24 | ||||
Sweden | Incontinence pad usage | €80 | €86.26 | $114.54 | ||||
UK | Incontinence pad usage | €48 | €54.95 | $72.97 | ||||
Morris 2005 [33] | Australia | Provider | 1 day | Consumables | 2003 | $6.8 AUD | $8.27 AUD | * |
Total median daily cost for UI | $36.2 AUD | $44.04 AUD | * | |||||
Papanicolaou 2005 [35] | Germany | Payer | 1 yr | Pad usage | 2004 | €235 | €258.14 | $342.78 |
Conservative care | €0 | €0 | $0 | |||||
Medications | €107 | €117.54 | $156.08 | |||||
Spain | Pad usage | €235 | €273.05 | $362.58 | ||||
Conservative care | €19 | €22.08 | $29.32 | |||||
Medications | €88 | €102.25 | $135.78 | |||||
UK/Ireland | Pad usage | €55 | €64.26 | $85.33 | ||||
Conservative care | €42 | €49.07 | $65.16 | |||||
Medications | €125 | €146.04 | $193.93 | |||||
Prasopsanti et al. 2007 [41] | Thailand | Patient | 1 wk | Pad usage | 2005 | $3.7 USD | $4.45 USD | $231.40 |
Subak et al. 2006 [42] | US | Patient | 1 wk | Personal care resources | 2005 | $6.57 USD | $7.90 USD | $410.80 USD |
Tediosi 2000 [37] | Italy | Payer | 1 yr | Conservative care | 1997 | L353.523 | L465.526 | $618.17 |
Medications | L25.412 | L33.463 | $44.44 | |||||
Wefer et al. 2010 [15] | Germany | Payer | 1 yr | Urinary reservoir | 2006 | €0.70/day | €0.74 | $358.66 |
Pad usage | €1.41/day | €1.50 | $727.02 | |||||
Comorbidities | ||||||||
Irwin et al. 2009 [36] | Canada | Payer | 1 yr | Comorbidities | 2005 | €19 | €20.69 | $27.47 |
Germany | Comorbidities | €21 | €22.86 | $30.36 | ||||
Italy | Comorbidities | €9 | €9.80 | $13.01 | ||||
Spain | Comorbidities | €7 | €7.62 | $10.12 | ||||
Sweden | Comorbidities | €35 | €38.11 | $50.61 | ||||
UK | Comorbidities | €13 | €14.15 | $18.79 | ||||
Wefer et al. 2010 [15] | Germany | Payer | 1 yr | UTI medications | 2006 | €162.71/yr | €173.28 | $230.10 |
Physician Visits and Hospitalizations | ||||||||
Papanicolaou 2005 [35] | Germany | Payer | 1 yr | Office visits | 2004 | €45 | €49.43 | $65.64 |
Surgery | €95 | €104.35 | $138.57 | |||||
Spain | Office visits | €168 | €195.20 | $259.20 | ||||
Surgery | €103 | €119.68 | $158.92 | |||||
UK/Ireland | Office visits | €95 | €110.99 | $147.38 | ||||
Surgery | €40 | €46.73 | $62.05 | |||||
Tediosi 2000 [36] | Italy | Payer | 1 yr | Hospitalizations | 1997 | L19.814 | L26.09 | $34.64 |
Thom et al. 2005 [38] | US | Payer | 1 y | Hospitalizations, physician visits, ED visits | 1998 | $7,702 USD | $12,357.43 USD | $12,357.43 |
Accommodations | ||||||||
Irwin et al. 2009 [36] | Canada | Payer | 1 yr | Nursing home | 2005 | €385 | €419.15 | $556.59 |
Germany | Nursing home | €1,038 | €1,130.10 | $1,500.65 | ||||
Italy | Nursing home | €1,580 | €1,720.19 | $2,284.22 | ||||
Spain | Nursing home | €30 | €32.66 | $43.37 | ||||
Sweden | Nursing home | €562 | €611.87 | $812.50 | ||||
UK | Nursing home | €381 | €414.81 | $550.82 | ||||
Prasopsanti et al. 2007 [41] | Thailand | Patient | 1 yr | Transportation | 2002 | $198.12 | $238.11 | $238.11 |