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Table 5 Comparison of EQ-5D-3L Index Scores between Subgroups with Different Health Status: by Survey Language

From: The discriminative power of the EuroQol visual analog scale is sensitive to survey language in Singapore

 

Patients completing the Chinese

EQ-5D-3L

Patients completing the English

EQ-5D-3L

 

N

Mean (SD)

Adjusted difference*

(p-value)

N

Mean (SD)

Adjusted difference*

(p-value)

BMI (kg/m2)

      

< 30

280

0.867 (0.174)

0.020

231

0.892 (0.161)

0.080

≥ 30

41

0.849 (0.207)

(0.501)

54

0.799 (0.234)

(0.003)

Duration of DM

      

< 10 years

179

0.882 (0.139)

0.034

168

0.897 (0.161)

0.043

≥ 10 years

153

0.836 0.209)

(0.090)

125

0.843 (0.199)

(0.039)

Presence of complications

    

No

187

0.897 (0.138)

0.073

183

0.917 (0.113)

0.102

Yes

144

0.814 (0.208)

(< 0.001)

111

0.803 (0.239)

(< 0.001)

Presence of comorbidities

    

No

60

0.889 (0.130)

0.011

85

0.926 (0.148)

0.056

Yes

271

0.855 (0.185)

(0.685)

209

0.852 (0.187)

(0.015)

  1. Notes: complications were conditions or diseases related to diabetes including stroke, ischemic heart disease, kidney disease, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and eye disease; comorbidities included cancer, arthritis, hypertension, high blood cholesterol, asthma, lung conditions, liver conditions, mental disorders, urological disease, and ear, nose or throat diseases. * values are regression coefficients in multiple linear regression models in which the effects of administration mode, age, gender, employment status, and education using linear regression models are adjusted for.