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Table 2 Comparison of EQ-VAS Scores between Subgroups with Different Health Status: by Survey Language

From: The discriminative power of the EuroQol visual analog scale is sensitive to survey language in Singapore

 

Patients completing the Chinese

EQ-5D-3L

Patients completing the English

EQ-5D-3L

 

N

Mean (SD)

Adjusted difference*

(p-value)

N

Mean (SD)

Adjusted difference*

(p-value)

BMI (kg/m2)

      

< 30

280

69.0 (16.5)

-1.4

233

70.7 (16.4)

3.0

≥ 30

42

70.7 (17.6)

(0.612)

54

67.6 (16.4)

(0.241)

Duration of DM

      

< 10 years

180

69.7 (17.7)

1.1

168

72.8 (15.1)

5.8

≥ 10 years

153

68.1 (15.1)

(0.564)

127

66.8 (17.5)

(0.003)

Presence of complications

No

188

70.7 (17.5)

3.6

184

73.4 (14.2)

7.8

Yes

144

67.0 (15.4)

(0.057)

112

65.0 (18.3)

(< 0.001)

Presence of comorbidities

No

61

68.4 (17.8)

-1.7

85

75.6 (15.4)

6.8

Yes

271

69.2 (16.4)

(0.493)

211

68.0 (16.3)

(0.002)

  1. Notes: complications were conditions or diseases related to diabetes including stroke, ischemic heart disease, kidney disease, peripheral neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, and eye disease; comorbidities included cancer, arthritis, hypertension, high blood cholesterol, asthma, lung conditions, liver conditions, mental disorders, urological disease, and ear, nose or throat diseases. * values are regression coefficients in multiple linear regression models in which the effects of administration mode, age, gender, employment status, and education using linear regression models are adjusted for.