Table 3 Unadjusted and adjusted associations between expectations and 5 treatment outcomes
Overall improvement | Pain | Function | Stiffness | Satisfaction | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | E1/E2 | Association individual studies | Quality score | N | Overall association | |
Unadjusted associations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
≤ 6 weeks | E2 | r=−0.08 [36] | 53% | 100 | O | E2 | r=−0.05 [36] | 53% | 100 | O | E1 | r=0.165 ‡ [16]hips | 39% | 106 | 0 | E1 | OR=1.176 (ns)∫ [31] | 61% | 45 | O | |||||
>6 weeks – ≤6 months | E2 | r=0.13 [30] | 79% | 123 | O | E1 | r=0.118* [16]hips | 39% | 106 | +− | E1 | r=0.170†[16]hips | 39% | 106 | +− | r=−0.024 ‡ [16]knees | 39% | 106 | OR=0.593 (ns)# [31] | ||||||
r=0.24 [32] | 74% | 272 | r=0.188* [16]knees | 39% | 106 | r=−0.208†[16]knees | 39% | 106 | ns [15] | 58% | 222 | OR=1.000 (ns)∞ [31] | |||||||||||||
p=0.001 [14] | 58% | 2350 | p<0.001 [14] | 58% | 2350 | p=0.46 [17] | 74% | 788 | |||||||||||||||||
p<0.05 [15] | 58% | 222 | ns [15] | 58% | 222 | ||||||||||||||||||||
p=0.62 [17] | 74% | 788 | p=0.90 [17] | 74% | 788 | ||||||||||||||||||||
E2 | r=−0.12 [32] | 74% | 272 | E2 | r=0.19 [30] | 79% | 123 | O | |||||||||||||||||
r=−0.19 [32] | 74% | 272 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
> 6 months | E1 | r=0.24 [27] | 58% | 146 | +− | E1 | p=0.012 [14] | 58% | 2350 | + | E1 | r=−0.547 [37] | 6% | 1302 | +− | E1 | OR= 1.23 (p<0.001) [34] | 63% | 1327 | + | E1 | r=−0.03 [24] | 50% | 44 | +− |
p=0.70 ∏ [35] | 50% | 799 | OR=1.17 (p<0.001) [34] | 63% | 1327 | p<0.001 [14] | 58% | 350 | r=0.274 ∫[27] | 58% | 146 | ||||||||||||||
p=0.013 Ω [35] | 50% | 799 | p<0.001 [28] | 44% | 102 | r=0.262#[27] | 58% | 146 | |||||||||||||||||
OR=1.36 (=0.013) [34] | 63% | 1327 | OR=1.25 (p<0.001) [34] | 63% | 1327 | r=0.102§ [27] | 58% | 146 | |||||||||||||||||
Adjusted associations | p=0.171 ∫ [35] | 50% | 799 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
≤ 6 weeks | E1 | β0.23 (p0.10) [33] | 68% | 51 | O | E1 | β 0.23 (p=0.11) [33] | 68% | 51 | O | p=0.013 # [35] | 50% | 799 | ||||||||||||
E2 | β 0.151 (ns) [36] | 53% | 100 | O | |||||||||||||||||||||
>6 weeks – ≤6 months | E1 | β-0.107(ns) [25] | 58% | 78 | O | E1 | β0.364 (p<.01)* [25] | 58% | 78 | +− | E1 | β 0.081 (ns) [25] | 58% | 78 | +− | E1 | ns [15] | 58% | 222 | O | |||||
β7.8 (p<.01) [15] | 58% | 222 | ns [15] | 58% | 222 | ns [17] | 74% | 788 | |||||||||||||||||
ns [17] | 74% | 788 | β 8.10 (p<0.01)∞ [15] | 58% | 222 | ||||||||||||||||||||
E2 | β0.09 (ns) [30] | 79% | 123 | 0 | ns § [17] | 74% | 788 | ||||||||||||||||||
β-0.193 (ns) [25] | 78 | E2 | β-0.388 (p<.01)†[25] | 58% | 78 | +− | E2 | β0.18 [30] | 78% | 123 | +− | ||||||||||||||
ns [32] | 58% | 272 | OR=0.80§ [29] | 68% | 157 | β-0.337 (p<0.05) [25] | 58% | 78 | |||||||||||||||||
74% | ns [32] | 74% | 272 | ns § [29] | 68% | 157 | |||||||||||||||||||
ns [32] | 74% | 272 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
> 6 months | E1 | ns [27] | 58% | 146 | +− | E1 | p<0.001‡ [14] | 58% | 2350 | +− | E1 | p>0.05‡ [14] | 58% | 2350 | +− | E1 | OR= 1.21 (p=0.003) [34] | 63% | 1327 | + | E1 | ns [26] | 53% | 598 | O |
OR=1.34 (p = 0.04) [34] | 63% | 1327 | p<0.05 [26] | 52% | 598 | ns [26] | 52% | 598 | ns ∫ [27] | 58% | 146 | ||||||||||||||
ns [17] | 74% | 788 | ns [17] | 74% | 788 | ns #[27] | 58% | 146 | |||||||||||||||||
OR=1.14 (p=0.049) [34] | 63% | 1327 | OR=1.20 (p<0.001) [34] | 63% | 1327 | ns § [27] | 58% | 146 | |||||||||||||||||