a) Care: |
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- Symptoms' control (pain, diarrhea, vomiting, breathlessness, etc.) |
- Avoiding a useless prolongation of the process of dying |
- Control of anxiety and other psychological symptoms (not dying with fear) |
- Being assisted by a staff in order to make the process of dying more comfortable |
b) Relational and social aspects: |
- Respect of cultural diversity |
- Respect and acknowledgment of the cultural rules of dying (a death that happens within the current rituals of the cultural environment of reference) |
- Emotional support provided to patients, their families and close friends |
- Good communication between patient/family/close friends/caring staff |
- Having close people nearby |
- Family acceptance of the patient's condition |
- Not feeling a burden for family and friends |
c) Preparation: |
- Awareness of diagnosis and prognosis (awareness of dying) |
- Choice of where to die |
- Maintaining a sense of control (possibility of controlling relevant aspects of one's own existence and/or deciding what and when to delegate to others) |
- Maintaining a dimension of continuity of life right to the end |
d) Existential aspects: |
- Being at peace with oneself |
- Religious or spiritual practices |