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Table 2 Reduced NHP38 version obtained through Classical Test Theory (CTT): the NHP20

From: Classical test theory versus Rasch analysis for quality of life questionnaire reduction

Original NHP38 items By dimension

1 st set of criteria for reduction: Discrimination (r) & Endorsement (p)

2 nd set of criteria for reduction: Factor analysis*

NHP20

Dimension

No. items

α

Items deleted as r < 0.40

Items deleted as P < 0.20

Items deleted as communality <0.30

Items deleted as main loading <0.40

Items deleted as difference between similar loadings ≤ 0.1

No. Items remaining

Energy (EN)

3

.76

-

-

-

-

EN2, EN3

1

Pain (P)

8

.90

-

P2

-

-

P4, P5

5

Emotional Reactions (EM)

9

.82

EM8

-

EM5, EM7

-

-

6

Sleep (SL)

5

.81

SL1

-

-

-

-

4

Social Isolation (SO)

5

.78

-

SO2, SO3 SO4, SO5

SO1

-

-

0

Physical Mobility (PM)

8

.83

-

PM1, PM3 PM8

-

-

PM6

4

Summary Index

38

.95

(28 items remaining, α = 0.94)

    

20 (α = .92)

  1. * Principal Axis Extraction (4 factors) and Promax rotation (Factor intercorrelation range: 0.50 – 0.73) NHP items are: EN1-I'm tired all the time; EN2-Everything is an effort; EN3-I soon run out of energy; P1-I have pain at night; P2-I have unbearable pain; P3-I find it painful to change position; P4-I'm in pain when I walk; P5-I'm in pain when I'm standing; P6-I'm in constant pain; P7-I'm in pain when going up/down stairs; P8-I'm in pain when I'm sitting; EM1-Things are getting me down; EM2-I've forgotten to enjoy myself; EM3-I'm feeling on edge; EM4-These days seem to drag; EM5-I lose my temper easily these days; EM6-I feel as if I'm losing control; EM7-Worry is keeping me awake at night; EM8-I feel that life is not worth living; EM9-I wake up feeling depressed; SL1-I take tablets to help me sleep; SL2-I'm waking in the early hours ...; SL3-I lie awake for most of the night; SL4-It takes me long time to get to sleep; SL5-I sleep badly at night; SO1-I feel lonely; SO2-I'm finding it hard to contact people; SO3-I feel there is nobody I am close to; SO4-I feel I am a burden to people; SO5 I'm finding hard to get on with people;PM1-I can only walk about indoors; PM2-I find it hard to bend; PM3-I'm unable to walk at all; PM4-I have trouble getting up/down stairs; PM5-I find it hard to reach for things; PM6-I find it hard to dress myself; PM7-I find it hard to stand for long; PM8-I need help to walk about outside.