| | | | COPD | |
---|
CCQ | Healthy (ex)smokers | At Risk (Stage 0) | Mild (Stage I) | Moderate A(Stage IIA) | Moderate B (Stage IIB) | Severe (Stage III) |
Symptom | 1.5a
| 3.3b
| 1.8a,c
| 2.0c,d
| 3.1b,d
| 2.9,b,c
|
| (0.3–3.5) | (1.8–5.3) | (0.5–5.0) | (0.8–5.3) | (0.8–4.5) | (1.5–4.5) |
Functional | 0.8a
| 1.4b,c
| 0.3a
| 1.4b
| 1.5b
| 2.6c
|
state | (0.0–3.8) | (0.3–6.0) | (0.0–2.5) | (0.3–4.0) | (0.5–4.8) | (2.0–5.0) |
Mental state | 0.0a
| 0.0a,b
| 0.0a
| 0.0a,c
| 1.0b
| 0.5b,c
|
| (0.0–3.0) | (0.0–3.5) | (0.0–1.0) | (0.0–4.5) | (0.0–5.0) | (0.0–3.0) |
Total | 0.8a
| 2.0b,c
| 1.0a,d
| 1.3b,d
| 1.9b,c
| 2.5c
|
| (0.1–3.3) | (0.8–5.2) | (0.2–2.5) | (0.5–4.3) | (0.9–4.7) | (1.7–4.3) |
- CCQ = Clinical COPD Questionnaire; range 0 – 6; 0 indicating best possible clinical control and 6 indicating worst possible clinical control. Medians not sharing a common superscript letter (a,b,c,d) are significant different at p < 0.05 after Mann-Whitney U test. Healthy (ex) smokers; normal spirometry, no chronic symptoms (cough, sputum production). COPD classification of COPD by severity according to the GOLD guidelines; Stage 0: normal spirometry, chronic symptoms (cough, sputum production); Stage I: FEV1/FVC < 70%, FEV1 ≥ 80 % predicted, with or without chronic symptoms (cough, sputum production, dyspnea); Stage IIA: FEV1/FVC < 70%, 50% ≥ FEV1 < 80 % predicted; Stage IIB: FEV1/FVC < 70%, 30% ≥ FEV1 < 50 % predicted; Stage III: FEV1/FVC < 70%, FEV1 < 30 % predicted or FEV1 < 50% predicted plus respiratory failure or clinical signs of right heart failure.